This book tries to resurrect the latter. Created by Zeno of Citium (334–262 BC), Stoicism evolved from Cynicism. Cynics were the "ancient homeless" (no home, no possessions, just a cloak to cover ...

Both Cynicism and Stoicism strongly stressed virtue as the highest good and an emphasis on hardening an attitude of inner resilience and moral integrity. Where the Cynics favored extremism and ...

In order to avoid their philosophy becoming a cult of personality, they chose to name it Stoicism after the place they were meeting, the stoa poikile of the Agora. Zeno’s ideas developed from those of ...

The Stoics taught the importance of self-control, making all decisions with reason and living by virtue and in harmony with ...

Joel's current research is on the politics of refusal, exploring how the philosophical asceticism developed by Cynics, Stoics, and Epicureans in antiquity might inform a broader politics of refusal ...