We think that the commonplace example given above demonstrates the lack of suitability of these criteria. Although they are very convenient because of their ease and speed of application, they too ...

The Surgeon General warns us that even moderate alcohol consumption causes several cancers. However, the causal case lacks ...

A 27-year-old man filed a claim for recognition of the skin disease on his left hand as a work-related hand dermatitis. The claimant had been employed in a pizzeria, and his hands were chronically ...

Most of us have heard the phrase "correlation does not equal causation." But understanding how scientists move beyond identifying correlations to establish causation remains a mystery to many.