As the field of surface science and nanotechnology continues to advance, the Surface Force Apparatus will remain an indispensable tool for unraveling the mysteries of intermolecular forces and ...

The alkanes are a homologous series with a structure based on a carbon chain - each carbon atom forms four covalent bonds The intermolecular forces vary between molecules, so different organic ...

They leave the column as a hot liquid called bitumen. Shorter hydrocarbon molecules have weaker intermolecular forces and lower boiling points. They are highly volatile and therefore extremely ...

Cells apply enough force to stretch fibrils in vivo. Stretching of individual fibronectin molecules may reveal conformation-dependent intermolecular binding sites, contributing to the assembly of ...