In contrast, in patients with metastases, after total thyroid ablation the production of thyroid hormones is rarely detectable during prolonged withdrawal of thyroid hormone treatment. 42 ...

FNAB-C remains the gold standard technique for the diagnosis of suspicious CLN due to its ability to efficiently diagnose metastasis not only from thyroid cancers, but also from other primary tumors.

The TNM classification protocol (tumor size, presence of lymph nodes, distant metastases) and age is the general tumor risk assessment algorithm. A number of thyroid-specific staging protocols ...